An isocratic stability-indicating HPLC assay method was developed to quantitate ethacrynic acid in solution formulations. Utilizing the method, the main hydrolytic, and one of the oxidative degradation products could be separated. The structure of the separated degradation products was confirmed by negative ion-mode HPLC-MS. The hydrolytic results confirmed the previously reported sequence of the formation of the dimeric Michael adduct. One new oxidative metabolite has been identified. The validated analytical method can be used to quantitate ethacrynic acid in a solution formulation in the 0.5-500 µg/ml concentration range.

There is a rising global concern about the SARS CoV-2 as a public health threat. Complete genome sequence have been released by the worldwide scientific community for understanding the molecular characteristics and evolutionary origin of this virus. Aim of the current context is to present phylogenetic relationship and genomic variation of 2019-nCoV. Based on availability of genomic information, we constructed a phylogenetic tree including also representatives of other coronaviridae, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome and Bat coronavirus. The phylogenetic tree analysis suggested that SARS CoV-2 significantly clustered with bat SARS like coronavirus genome, however structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. However our phylogenetic and genomic analysis suggests that bats can be the reservoir for this virus. Lack of forest might be the fact in association of bats with human environment. It is also difficult to study on bats due to absence of proper reagent and availability of few species for research. We confirm high sequence similarity (>99%) among sequenced SARS CoV-2 genomes, and 96% genome identity with the bat coronavirus, confirming the notion of a zoonotic origin of SARS CoV-2.

Interaction of some cyclic chalcone analogs, (E)-2-(4-X-benzylidene)-1-benzosuberone derivatives with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopic methods. Recording the UV-Vis spectra of compounds in the presence of BSA or HSA indicated interaction of the molecules with the hydrophobic binding site(s) of the proteins. Investigated analogs have shown remarkable topo I and topo II inhibitory activity compared to camptothecin and etoposide, respectively, at 40 μM concentration. The observed interactions between the cyclic chalcone analogs and the cellular macromolecules might play a role in the previously detected cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines.

Traditional Chinese medicine Qingfeipaidu Decoction was reported effective in treatment of 2019-nCoV diseases. However, the mechanisms of the drug were still unknown. Our paper tried to discover the potential mechanism of the medicine in modern science methods. TCM-BATMAN tool were used to analyze the ingredients of QingfeiPaidu decoction. STRING were used to built the PPI network. 428 genes of Qingfeipaidu Decoction were obtained by TCM-BATMAN. The main KEGG pathways were associated with the interaction of Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, amino acid synthesis and metabolism pathway, glutathione metabolism pathway and so on. Patients of SARS and HIV were reported benefitting from applying the GSH. 2019-ncov containing HIV components and SARS sequence were report low glutathione. Anti-HIV drugs such as remdesivir and kaletra were useful for the diseases. Glutathione metabolism were regarded as an important pathway for the disease. Qingfeipaidu Decoction may be used to treat new coronavirus by glutathione metabolism pathway, and GSH may be a potential therapeutic drug for the new coronavirus.

In this literature review, we will present the latest reported methods that have been developed for determination of certain antibiotics which are used for the treatment of serious infections that may affect critically ill patients such as cefepime, levofloxacin, vancomycin and gentamicin in their pure form, pharmaceutical dosage form, and in biological samples.